General

Urban centers, while occupying less than 2% of the Earth's land surface, are responsible for an overwhelming 78% of global energy consumption and approximately 70% of greenhouse gas emissions, according to UN-Habitat. With more than half of the world’s population already residing in cities—and forecasts indicating that this trend will only intensify—urbanization stands as both a critical driver of economic development and a central contributor to climate change. In this scenario, reimagining how cities are planned, built, and managed is not just desirable but imperative for the global transition toward environmental sustainability and carbon neutrality. The concept of Net Zero…

The year 2024 marks a decisive moment in the evolving relationship between journalism and artificial intelligence. As generative AI systems become increasingly integrated into everyday life, media organizations are beginning to redefine how their content can be used within this new technological landscape. One of the clearest examples of this transformation is the multi-year partnership announced between Le Monde and OpenAI, a landmark agreement that becomes the first collaboration of its kind between a major French news organization and one of the world's leading developers of generative artificial intelligence. This agreement illustrates how the debate surrounding artificial intelligence is gradually…

The approval of the European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act represents far more than the adoption of a new piece of legislation. It illustrates how democratic institutions attempt to govern a technological transformation whose pace often exceeds the capacity of governments themselves to understand, evaluate and regulate it. Rather than being merely another regulatory initiative, the AI Act reflects Europe's broader vision of how technological innovation should coexist with fundamental rights, legal certainty, economic competitiveness and public trust. In many respects, it marks the beginning of a new phase in the relationship between governments and artificial intelligence, one in which public…

Artificial intelligence is advancing at an extraordinary pace, and few technological developments have attracted as much public attention in recent months as the emergence of ChatGPT. The conversational AI system developed by OpenAI has demonstrated capabilities that, until very recently, seemed confined to science fiction, generating human-like text, answering complex questions, writing computer code, summarising documents, and producing original content within seconds. As governments, businesses, universities, and citizens begin to explore the opportunities offered by these new technologies, policymakers are also confronting an equally important challenge: how should artificial intelligence be regulated to encourage innovation while protecting fundamental rights and…

The arrival of artificial intelligence in education is often presented as a technological revolution, but it is equally a pedagogical one. Every major technological innovation that has transformed society, from the printing press to calculators, personal computers, and the internet—has eventually found its way into the classroom. History consistently shows that when a technology significantly improves human productivity, education does not reject it; instead, it adapts to it. The emergence of ChatGPT and other generative AI systems represents the latest chapter in this long process of educational transformation, raising profound questions not only about how students learn, but also about…

  Artificial intelligence is entering one of the most decisive periods in its history. After years of steady progress in machine learning and deep neural networks, recent advances in generative AI have fundamentally changed public perceptions of what intelligent machines are capable of accomplishing. Systems that only a few years ago could perform relatively narrow tasks are now producing coherent essays, realistic images, computer code, music, and increasingly sophisticated conversations that blur the traditional boundaries between human creativity and machine-generated content. The year 2023 is emerging as a turning point in the evolution of artificial intelligence. Governments, universities, businesses, and…

Only a short time has passed since the world was captivated by artificial intelligence systems capable of generating remarkably realistic images through models such as Stable Diffusion. Researchers, technology companies, artists, educators, and the media have been examining the profound implications of image generation for creativity, industry, and society. However, before that discussion has even settled, another equally significant frontier has emerged: artificial intelligence capable of engaging in fluent conversations using natural language. At first encounter, what immediately stands out is not simply the model's ability to answer questions, but its remarkable capacity to produce concise, coherent, and contextually appropriate…